The key role in ensuring the economic development of the Vitebsk region belongs to industry, where about 91 thousand people work at more than 1300 enterprises, which is more than 20% of the total employed population of the region.

The industrial complex of the region produces more than 23% of the gross value added. The region's output accounts for about 12% of the republic's industry.

Enterprises ensure 100% of the republican volume of dolomite flour for liming (JSC "Dolomit"), more than 90% – linen fabrics (RUEPT "Orsha Linen Mill"), ethylene polymers in primary form (JSC "Naftan"), carpets and carpet products (JSC "Vitebsk Carpets"), more than 50% – footwear (SOOO "Belwest", enterprises of the "Marko" holding), about 30% of the republic's electricity (RUE "Vitebskenergo").

Also, enterprises in the region produce metal-cutting machine tools and tools (JSC Machine-tool Plant "Krasny Borets", JSC "Vistan"), fiberglass fabrics (JSC "Polotsk-Steкловолокно"), electrical appliances (JSC "Vitebsk Plant of Electrical Measuring Instruments", JSC "Izmeritel"), power and fiber optic cables (LLC PO "Energokomplekt", IOOO "Soyuz-Kabel"), water treatment equipment (UP "Polymerkonstruktsiya", SOOO "Fortex-Water Technologies").

The industrial complex of the region is based on manufacturing industries (about 88 percent of output) and electricity, gas, steam, and water production and distribution (9.6 percent).

In the manufacturing industry, oil refining and chemical production dominate, represented by JSC "Naftan". At JSC "Naftan", investment projects are being implemented to increase the depth of oil refining and the yield of light petroleum products, which will result in the production of competitive products that meet European standards.

A significant segment in the region's production structure is also occupied by:

food industry, represented by enterprises that are part of the Vitebsk Meat and Dairy Products Concern, the agro-industrial holding "Slavyansky Veles", Vitebsk Distillery "Pridvinye" OJSC, Vitebsk Oil Extraction Plant OJSC, Vitebsk Confectionery Combine "Vitba" UP, etc.

In order to create conditions for the further development of agricultural production in the region, and to ensure the full capacity utilization of meat processing plants and dairy plants, the region has adopted global practices for creating integration structures – 6 agro-industrial associations have been established, which include 131 organizations, including 12 industrial organizations.

light industry, represented by Orsha Linen Mill RUPTP, Belwest SOOO, enterprises of the holding company Belarusian Leather and Footwear Company "Marko" LLC, Vitebsk Carpets OJSC, Znamya Industrializatsii OJSC, Bell Bimbo Plus LLC, etc.

The further development of light industry enterprises is associated with the introduction of new technologies, the improvement of the design and modeling of clothing and footwear using new materials with high consumer characteristics.

construction industry – enterprises of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus (JSC "Dolomit", Novopolotskzhilezobeton branch, JSC "Keramzit Gravel Plant of Novolukoml", etc.)

enterprises of the Ministry of Industry (JSC "Vityaz", JSC "Vistan", JSC "Vitebsk Electric Measuring Instruments Plant", JSC "Vitebsk Tractor Parts Plant", JSC "Stankozavod "Krasny Borets", JSC "Amkodor-KEZ", etc.) produce 5-6 percent of the regional output volume. Their development is aimed at forming a competitive innovative product, increasing the output of high-quality products that meet world standards, and building export potential.

The region is actively carrying out work on the creation of new productions. In recent years, the following have been created and are successfully carrying out production and economic activities: JV "Manuli Hydraulics Manufacturing Bel" LLC (production of rubber products (tubes, hoses), "FoRM Systems" LLC (production of trade equipment), "KimaBel" LLC (woodworking products), "Klinkosmik" LLC (cosmetic products), and others.

Small and medium-sized businesses are stably carrying out their production and economic activities: UP "Vitebsk Sawmill" (woodworking products), PUP "Vitstroytekmash" (manufacturer of special lifting equipment, which has no analogues in the CIS countries and abroad), LLC "Rubikon", IUP "VIC-Animal Health", LLC "Belkarolin" (medicinal products, veterinary drugs), CJSC "Medical Enterprise Simurg" (medical instruments), etc.